Home Insulation: Types, Costs, and Available Subsidies
Proper insulation can cut heating bills by 30-50%. Learn which type is right for your home and how to access government subsidies.
Why Insulation Matters
Heat escapes through poorly insulated walls, roofs, and floors. Proper insulation reduces heating costs by 30-50% and pays for itself within 3-7 years through energy savings.
Types of Insulation
Roof/Attic Insulation
Heat rises, so this is your biggest opportunity for savings.
- Blown-in: Quick installation, fills gaps, ideal for existing homes
- Batts/rolls: Cost-effective for accessible attics
- Spray foam: Highest performance, also seals air leaks
Wall Insulation
- Cavity wall: Injected between inner and outer walls
- External/internal: Added to outside or inside of walls
Floor Insulation
Often overlooked but important for homes with unheated basements or crawl spaces.
Cost Comparison
| Type | Cost/m² | Savings | Payback |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attic (blown-in) | €20-35 | 25-30% | 2-4 years |
| Cavity wall | €15-25 | 15-20% | 3-5 years |
| External wall | €100-180 | 20-25% | 8-12 years |
| Floor | €30-50 | 10-15% | 5-7 years |
Available Subsidies
Many governments offer incentives for energy efficiency improvements:
- Tax credits for insulation upgrades
- Utility company rebates
- Low-interest green loans
- Grants for low-income households
Tip: Apply for subsidies BEFORE starting work — most require pre-approval.
DIY vs Professional
| Task | DIY? | Pro Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Attic batts | Yes, if accessible | €500-1,500 |
| Blown-in | No, requires equipment | €1,000-2,500 |
| Cavity wall | No, specialist only | €1,500-3,000 |
| External wall | No, major work | €8,000-15,000 |
Installation Process
- Energy audit: Professional assessment of current insulation
- Quote comparison: Get 3+ quotes from certified installers
- Subsidy application: Apply before work begins
- Installation: Usually 1-3 days for most projects
- Inspection: Verify work quality and R-values
FAQ
Which insulation type is best?
Start with your attic — it offers the highest return. For walls, cavity insulation is most cost-effective if your home has cavity walls. Otherwise, consider external insulation which also protects against damp.
How do I find certified installers?
Look for installers certified by your national energy authority. Search local business directories for insulation contractors with verified reviews.